The term “narcissism” is frequently tossed around in our society, often with negative connotations, used as an insult to suggest someone only cares about themselves. However, narcissism—or Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD)—is a real mental health condition affecting about 6.2% of people. Misconceptions abound about this disorder, and the casual use of the term “narcissism” often misrepresents what NPD truly involves. Reducing the stigma surrounding NPD can help those affected receive the care they need and deserve.
What is Narcissistic Personality Disorder?
Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is one of several personality disorders, marked by an inflated sense of self-importance, a deep need for excessive attention and admiration, troubled relationships, and a lack of empathy for others. Despite appearing extremely confident, individuals with NPD struggle with fragile self-esteem and are highly sensitive to criticism.
NPD disrupts many areas of life, including relationships, work, school, and finances. Those with NPD often feel disappointed when they don’t receive the special treatment or admiration they believe they deserve. They may find their relationships unfulfilling, and others often struggle to be around them.
Some common signs of NPD include:
- An exaggerated sense of self-importance
- A sense of entitlement and a constant need for admiration
- Expectations of being recognized as superior without justified achievements
- Preoccupation with fantasies of success, power, brilliance, or beauty
- Belief in superiority and preference for associating only with “special” people
- Looking down on others perceived as inferior
- Exploiting others to achieve their own goals
- Difficulty recognizing or caring about others’ needs and feelings
- Envy of others or belief that others envy them
- Arrogant and conceited behavior
- Trouble handling any perceived criticism
The Stigma Surrounding Narcissistic Personality Disorder
It’s easy to label someone a “narcissist,” especially when they seem self-centered, but this label often perpetuates the stigma around NPD, making it harder for people to seek help. Behind the surface of NPD lies deep insecurity and loneliness. Many with NPD struggle to form genuine, intimate connections. Their need to display superiority often backfires, making it even harder for them to achieve the meaningful relationships they desire.
People with NPD are often harshly judged, seen as inhuman, “evil,” or beyond redemption. This portrayal harms both those with NPD and society at large. By labeling individuals without understanding the full scope of the disorder, we may overlook the complex, underlying issues they face. Everyone is shaped by a unique mix of genetics, personal history, and mental health concerns, so quickly categorizing someone as a “narcissist” only deepens the isolation of those with NPD.
Reducing the Stigma
Reducing the stigma around NPD requires us to reconnect with our own humanity. Treating ourselves and others with compassion, even in difficult circumstances, is key. However, compassion doesn’t mean allowing ourselves to be demeaned or mistreated. Setting boundaries with individuals who have NPD is essential. By identifying and addressing harmful behaviors, rather than simply labeling someone as “narcissistic,” we can foster positive change.
Clear boundaries help us remain compassionate without feeling threatened, allowing us to respond with empathy. By showing kindness to ourselves and others while protecting ourselves from the harmful effects of NPD, we reduce the need to reinforce stigma. Compassion can encourage individuals with NPD to seek help and address feelings of shame, low self-worth, and harmful coping strategies associated with the disorder.
